Bio-based Alternatives for Lithium–Silicon Anodes (BALSA)

PROJECT COST:

354 713 $

PRIMA CONTRIBUTION:

195 713 $

PROJECT DETAILS:

Li-ion batteries are already widely used in everyday life, particularly in the automotive industry. The environmental impact of current batteries—whose anodes are predominantly graphite-based—is significant, due to the reliance on fossil-derived raw materials and poorly controlled recycling processes. This project aims to develop a prototype battery featuring a silicon-based anode instead of graphite. The objective is to approximately double the system’s energy storage-to-weight ratio, thereby reducing both raw material consumption and recycling challenges.

However, this increased energy density poses a mechanical challenge: silicon undergoes large volumetric changes (~300%) during each charge/discharge cycle, which significantly reduces anode lifespan. To address this issue, a dual strategy will be employed: mesoporous silicon particles with limited swelling (~30–50%) will be embedded within a conductive aerogel, whose porous structure can accommodate these volume changes. This approach is expected to preserve anode performance over several thousand cycles, making it competitive.

The use of bio-based materials for both the silicon and its carbon binder will provide additional environmental benefits, which will be assessed through a life cycle analysis. Performance Biofilaments Inc. will implement the technology to manufacture carbon aerogels and Li-ion anodes from nanocellulose, while the Swedish company Talga, via the project’s European partners, will access technology to produce mesoporous silica particles derived from barley husks, a compatible solid-state electrolyte, and a protocol for assembling the battery prototype. This initiative will open new markets for the valorization of Quebec’s forest and agricultural waste.

Three trainees will be recruited to work on the project under the supervision of Prof. Yacine Boumghar. They will gain hands-on experience in applied research, laboratory techniques (experimental testing, data collection and analysis), and will benefit from the support of experienced process technicians at CÉPROCQ.